Literal Translation
Literal translation according to Newmark (1988, p. 46) states that “in literal translation, the SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of context. translation of a text done by translating each word separately, without looking at how the words are used together in a phrase or sentence. It means that when the translator translates for example is a sentence, the words are translated literally from SL (Source Language) into TL (Target Language). And the method as a pre-translation process, it shows a problem like the example below:
(SL) Don’t bring my heart.
(TL) Jangan bawa hatiku.
(SL) I like the yellow dress that you had before.
(TL )Saya suka kuning gaun yang kamu punya sebelumnya.
(SL) Raining cats and dogs
(TL) Hujan kucing-kucing dan anjing-anjing.
Because translating with this method translates every word and not in the realm of context or out of context. So sometimes for example translating a sentence, if you translate each word then the message or the essence of the sentence cannot be accepted by the reader. Also, because in every existing language, the structure of a sentence must have a different structure. This is the problem, and in my opinion, if SL and TL have different sentence structures, it will not produce a good and effective translation. Literal translation leads to mistranslating of idioms, which is a serious problem for machine translation.
Communicative translation method
Communicative translation methodcan be the best for English-Indonesian translation. Because, the original purpose of translation is to communicate SL (Source Language), and TL (Target language) clearly and easily understood by readers. Because this translation method makes contextual the exact meaning of the original so that the result of the translation is the same language as the source language to the target language that is easily accepted and easily understood by readers.
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